L’esempio di Luciano Gallino
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Many economists share the view that it is market rigidities that cause high unemployment. The empirical evidence presented in this study and the econometric model constructed based on the “effective long-term demand” approach seem however to confirm that it is the production trend that causes variations in employment and not vice versa.
After being hit by the international crisis, Latvia came back to growth in 2009 and many economists believe that recovery was driven by fiscal consolidation and internal devaluation. The quantitative analysis and the econometric model proposed in this study disprove this thesis and show that the export-led model is not enough to guarantee the country stable, lasting growth.
Facilitating the use of temporary employment contracts without undermining the regulation of permanent contracts worsens the dualism of the Italian labor market; the article identifies an indicator of the difference in labor protection between regular and temporary contracts. Italy is one of the countries that over the years has increased the difference in regulation of the various kinds of contract; with the Fornero law there was a reduction of dualism, which then began to grow again with the Poletti decree.
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In this article a survey is made of the various minimum income/citizen’s wage schemes existing in the EU in order to try to understand whether this kind of social protection has a positive, negative or neutral impact on the unemployment rate. The econometric model adopted in this study seems to disprove the tesi that a citizen’s wage/minimum income discourages employment. A model of minimum income is then proposed for Italy.
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